Skin Layers and Parts - Constituents of Skin

Skin is composed of three layers. The top layer is called the epidermis. It measures less than 1 millimeter in thickness everywhere except on the palms and soles (where it is thicker) and the eyelids and inner elbows (where it is thinner). It is in the epidermis that new skin cells are created and melanin the pigment that gives your skin its unique colour- is produced. The dermis is skin's middle layer. It lies under the epidermis and is where skin's collagen and elastin fibres are located. These fibres give the skin structure. However, they lose their resilience as we age, causing skin to grow slack and creased. Blood vessels, oil or sebum glands, nerve fibres, hair follicles, and muscle cells are also found in the dermis. Skin's bottom layer is the subcutis. It acts as a reservoir for water and fat cells, and serves as a cushion between the upper layers of skin and the body's bones and muscles.

Together, the three layers of skin carry out the vital tasks of sensing, protecting, and repairing.

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